Citation:
Bell, L., Peyper, J.M., Garnett, S., Tadokera, R., Wilkinson, R., Meintjies, G. & Blackburn, J.M. (2017) TB-IRIS: proteomic analysis of in vitro PMBC responses to mycobacterium tuberculosis and response modulation by dexamethasone. <i>Experimental and Molecular Pathology</i>. 102:237-246.
Abstract:
Paradoxical tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome(TB-IRIS) occurs in 8???54% of
South African patients undergoing treatment for tuberculosis/human immunodeficiency virus co-infection. Improved
TB-IRIS molecular pathogenesis understanding would enhance risk stratification, diagnosis, prognostication,
and treatment. We assessed how TB-IRIS status and dexamethasone influence leukocyte proteomic
responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Patient blood was obtained three weeks post-anti-retroviral therapy initiation. Isolated mononuclear cells were stimulated ex vivo with heat-killed Mtb in the presence/absence of dexamethasone. Mass spectrometry-based proteomic comparison of TB-IRIS and non-IRIS patient-derived cells facilitated generation of hypotheses regarding pathogenesis. Few represented TB-IRIS-group immune-related pathways achieved significant activation, with relative underutilisation of ???inter-cellular interaction??? and ???Fc?? receptor-mediated phagocytosis??? (but a tendency towards apoptosis-related) pathways. Dexamethasone facilitated significant activation of innate-related pathways. Differentially-expressed non-IRIS-group proteins suggest focused and co-ordinated immunological pathways, regardless of dexamethasone status. Findings suggest a relative deficit in TB-IRIS-group responses to and clearance of Mtb antigens, ameliorated by dexamethasone.
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