Digital inclusion strategies for the G20: lessons in public-private cooperation from India and Africa

Abstract

Public digital infrastructure, including hard and soft variants, encourages competition, innovation and inclusion. Through the India Stack and Modular Open Source Identity Platform (MOSIP), the Indian experience offers developing countries a path to leapfrog the development phase for digital platforms. Open-source systems offer countries an opportunity to establish low-cost public identity, financial and data exchange systems. The G20's support of such platforms will accelerate adoption, allowing developing countries to advance digital usage. Funding is key to implementation. This brief offers three mechanisms' specialised Digital Inclusion Social Impact Bonds, G20 coordinated multilateral collaborative funding and alternate multilateral financial mechanisms.