Disease priorities and rapid diagnostics testing preferences among community members in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a formative qualitative study

Abstract

To explore and understand the disease priorities and preferences for rapid diagnostic testings (RDTs) among community members and stakeholders. Qualitative study using focused group discussions and in-depth interviews. Thematic analysis was applied to identify themes of disease priorities and RDT preferences. uMsunduzi Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. 49 community members and five community stakeholders were recruited through a combination of convenience and purposeful sampling using community events and meetings. Participants prioritized both communicable diseases (HIV, tuberculosis) and non-communicable diseases (diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension and cancer), aligning with national health priorities. They supported RDTs for early diagnosis and home-based testing to mitigate barriers to accessing diagnostic care. A need for post-test support, such as digital support tools, was also highlighted. Community perspectives highlighted a demand for accessible, rapid and decentralized diagnostic tools for high-burden diseases in KwaZulu-Natal. RDTs have the potential to improve health outcomes and reduce health disparities through improved access to diagnostic healthcare services. The community members are potential end users of RDTs, especially in resource-constrained settings. Therefore, their perspectives should be considered in the development and implementation of RDTs to enhance acceptability and public health impact.